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 PLASTICS
Plastics are synthetic polymeric materials obtained through a process of polymerization or polycondensation process. Based on the thermal behavior can be thermoplastic or thermosetting. There are classifications of chemical origin, structure or other signs. Processed through injection molding, casting, extrusion, pressing, drawing and more.
Plastics increasingly become more widely in electrical, electronics, transport engineering, television and telephone equipment, medicine, space technology and many others. people. Plastics can be used as structural, thermal, hydro and Soundproofing material.Мade of plastic аре parts for machinery, bearings, gear wheels, plugs, sockets, plugs, gaskets, various utensils, toys, stationery and other supplies.
Physical properties of the plastics
Plastics have a low density (1,1-1,4 kg/m3), ie several times less than that of metals. These properties, combined with great strength of plastic products, provides ample opportunities for replacing metals with plastics. Plastics have good electrical insulation properties, water resistance, and in some cases, good thermal stability.
Chemical properties of the plastics
Much of chemically resistant plastics - not reacting to the effects of salts, acids and alkalis. Hard rot, water and gas-tight they are.
The polymer compositions are characterized by high corrosion resistance. Chemical agents such as oxygen, mineral and organic acids, bases and salts do not act. This determines the priority use for protection of steel structures from corrosion.
Plastics are high molecular substances containing carbon. Their molecules consist of long carbon chains, which are due and their beneficial properties. The word plastic comes from the Latin word plasticus (susceptible to modeling) and Greek plastikos (mouldable). Може да се произвеждат различни видове пластмаси - твърди като камък, здрави като стомана, прозрачни като стъкло, светли, наподобяващи дърво, еластични като гума. Also, plastics are lightweight, waterproof, resistant to chemical agents and can be manufactured in all colors. Some are more than 50 types of plastics, while developing new species. Plastics can be mixed to form alloys such as metals. It aims to combine the desired properties of several plastic one. Plastics can be easily molded into shapes.
Plastics have a low density, strength, insulation properties, water resistance, high chemical resistance, fast and mass production of products by casting and stamping.
The disadvantages of plastics is their low thermal resistance, hardness and lower their susceptibility to rapid aging.
Environmental problems
It is not biodegradable. It is not food and does not decompose completely.
Is wasted. Often do not throw garbage in baskets, and even by wind can throw away plastic products such as plastic bags. Accordingly, can clog the channels.
Can not be recycled. Plastic products can only be used for other purposes. It is toxic, plastic particles fall into our food and air. Certain types of plastic are associated with diseases such as asthma, cancer and others. Killing the wildlife. Sea turtles, mammals, birds and cows swallow plastic, thinking it was food. Their stomach is filled with plastic and die.
Stifle oceans. Plastic residues are distributed along the shores and the ocean. In the Pacific Ocean 6 times more plastic than zooplankton found in nature.
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